{"id":86,"date":"2022-01-01T10:16:36","date_gmt":"2022-01-01T10:16:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/filosofiafundamental.com\/revista\/?p=86"},"modified":"2023-03-13T16:57:43","modified_gmt":"2023-03-13T16:57:43","slug":"numero-0","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/filosofiafundamental.com\/revista\/numero-0\/","title":{"rendered":"N\u00famero 0"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
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Revista de Filosof\u00eda Fundamental<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

N\u00famero 0
enero-abril
2022<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

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Contenido:<\/h5>\n\n\n\n

Nota Editorial <\/strong>
C\u00e9sar Rodr\u00edguez-Garc\u00eda<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Conciencia, inteligencia y encefalizaci\u00f3n<\/strong>
Consciousness, intelligence and encephalization <\/em> <\/strong>
Jos\u00e9 Luis D\u00edaz G\u00f3mez<\/em>
Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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El estudio del cerebro proporciona \u00edndices morfol\u00f3gicos, fisiol\u00f3gicos y f\u00f3siles que permiten mediciones objetivas de una encefalizaci\u00f3n que suponemos correlacionada con la conducta, la mente y la conciencia. En el presente art\u00edculo se hace un an\u00e1lisis progresivo de la cognici\u00f3n consciente que va desde el sentir y sentido de los unicelulares, pasando por formas distintas de saber no proposicional que muestran m\u00faltiples especies de vertebrados (psicodiversidad), atravesando por la autoconciencia, la heteroconciencia y el saber proposicional de especies aventajadas, hasta llegar a la cultura. Hasta mediados del siglo pasado se consideraba que la conciencia y la cultura eran atributos restringidos que se hab\u00edan desarrollado durante la hominizaci\u00f3n, pero la investigaci\u00f3n emp\u00edrica, en especial la observaci\u00f3n etol\u00f3gica sistem\u00e1tica y comparativa, ha probado diversas capacidades cognitivas en animales de cerebros y comportamientos muy distintos, incluyendo evidencias de lenguaje y cultura.
Palabras clave:<\/strong> Cognici\u00f3n, sentido, consciencia, mente, encefalizaci\u00f3n.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

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The study of the brain provides morphological, physiological and fossil indices that allow objective measurements of an encephalisation that we assume to be correlated with behaviour, mind and consciousness. This paper provides a progressive analysis of conscious cognition, ranging from unicellular sense and direction, through different forms of non-propositional knowledge shown by multiple vertebrate species (psychodiversity), passing through self-consciousness, hetero-consciousness and propositional knowledge of advanced species, until reaching culture. Until the middle of the last century, consciousness and culture were considered to be restricted attributes that had developed during hominisation, but empirical research, especially systematic and comparative ethological observation, has proven diverse cognitive capacities in animals of very different brains and behaviours, including evidence of language and culture.
Keywords<\/strong>: Cognition, direction, consciousness, mind, encephalization.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

El problema de la objetividad como adecuacionismo<\/strong>
The problem of objectivity as adequationism <\/em><\/strong>
Aurora Garc\u00eda-Carreras<\/em>
Filosof\u00eda Fundamental, Espa\u00f1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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En el presente trabajo se plantea un debate entre diferentes modelos de objetividad en la ciencia de la mano de autores como el antrop\u00f3logo Clifford Geertz, el te\u00f3rico Mario Bunge, Gustavo Bueno, el neokantiano Heinrich Rickert o Xavier Zubiri. Gracias a la interrelaci\u00f3n de estas posturas estamos en condiciones de realizar una cr\u00edtica contra aquel modo de objetividad que se plantea desde la utop\u00eda de que es posible una reproducci\u00f3n de un estado de cosas puro previo a la situaci\u00f3n de conocimiento.
Palabras clave: <\/strong>Disponibilidad, ideolog\u00eda cient\u00edfica, kantismo, reproductibilidad, sujeto.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

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In this paper, a debate between different models of objectivity in science is presented by authors such as the anthropologist Clifford Geertz, the theorist Mario Bunge, Gustavo Bueno, the neo-Kantian Heinrich Rickert or Xavier Zubiri. Thanks to the interrelation of these positions, we can criticize that mode of objectivity that arises from the utopia that it is possible to reproduce a pure state of things prior to the situation of knowledge.
Keywords:<\/strong> Availability, scientific ideology, kantism, reproductibility, subject.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Biological and cultural evolution of morality: the delusion of progress<\/strong>
Evoluci\u00f3n biol\u00f3gica y cultural de la moral: la ilusi\u00f3n del progreso   <\/em><\/strong>
Ricardo Noguera-Solano                                                              
Juan Manuel Rodr\u00edguez-Caso<\/em>
Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Life evolves; it does not progress. Morality is transformed; it does not progress. These sentences summarize two ideas we have been developing on biological evolution and its relationship with the origin and transformations of morality within cultural evolution. Our argument stands in contrast to assertions supporting the idea of \u200b\u200bmoral progress. In general terms, the objective of this essay is to argue in favor of the idea that the human being\u2019s moral sense is an accidental and historical characteristic, developed through processes of biological and cultural evolution, and subject to a continuous process of diversification. Resulting from biological diversification, the phenomenon of morality increases its diversification within the various cultural spaces where the history of all the different human groups has taken place. Neither the biological nor the cultural process is exempt from historicity, divergence or an accidental nature and therefore cannot be considered progressive.
Keywords:<\/strong> Diversification, transformation, historicity, societies, ethics.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

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La vida evoluciona; no progresa. La moral se transforma; no progresa. Estas frases resumen dos ideas que venimos desarrollando sobre la evoluci\u00f3n biol\u00f3gica y su relaci\u00f3n con el origen y las transformaciones de la moral dentro de la evoluci\u00f3n cultural. Nuestro argumento contrasta con las afirmaciones que apoyan la idea del progreso moral. En t\u00e9rminos generales, el objetivo de este ensayo es argumentar a favor de la idea de que el sentido moral del ser humano es una caracter\u00edstica accidental e hist\u00f3rica, desarrollada a trav\u00e9s de procesos de evoluci\u00f3n biol\u00f3gica y cultural, y sujeta a un proceso continuo de diversificaci\u00f3n. Como resultado de la diversificaci\u00f3n biol\u00f3gica, el fen\u00f3meno de la moral aumenta su diversificaci\u00f3n dentro de los distintos espacios culturales en los que se ha desarrollado la historia de los diferentes grupos humanos. Ni el proceso biol\u00f3gico ni el cultural est\u00e1n exentos de historicidad, divergencia o naturaleza accidental y, por tanto, no pueden considerarse progresivos.
Palabras clave: <\/strong>Diversificaci\u00f3n, transformaci\u00f3n, historicidad, sociedades, \u00e9tica.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Una aproximaci\u00f3n al problema de la existencia en matem\u00e1tica <\/strong>
An approach to the issue of existence in mathematics  <\/strong><\/em>
Marcel Ch\u00e1vez<\/em>
Universidad Central de Venezuela<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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En el presente art\u00edculo examinamos el problem\u00e1tico estatus del objeto en matem\u00e1tica distinguiendo la cuesti\u00f3n del m\u00e9todo mediante el cual se determina su existencia, o por v\u00edas constructivistas o bien no-constructivistas, partiendo de las formulaciones proposicionales conocidas como teoremas de existencia<\/em>.
Palabras clave:<\/strong> Teoremas de existencia, platonismo, no-constructivismo, anti-platonismo, constructivismo.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

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In this paper we examine the problematic status of object in mathematics distinguishing the question of the method by which its existence is determined, either by constructivist or non-constructivist means, starting from propositional formulations known as existence theorems.
Keywords:<\/strong> Theorems of existence, platonism, non-constructivism, anti-platonism, constructivism.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Reolog\u00eda y realidad: el problema de los realismos <\/strong>
Reology and reality: the problem of realisms<\/em><\/strong>
Carlos Sierra-Lechuga<\/em>
Filosof\u00eda Fundamental, Espa\u00f1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u00daltimamente ha habido una gran aparici\u00f3n de \u201crealismos\u201d, sin embargo, todos comparten lo que identifico como un problema, a saber, entender \u201crealidad\u201d como \u201cindependencia de la mente\u201d. Este texto presenta por qu\u00e9 me parece problem\u00e1tica esta idea, as\u00ed como una propuesta realista pero alternativa: una metaf\u00edsica en dos momentos, su realismo de partida y su realismo de llegada; ambos modos metodol\u00f3gicamente distintos de un \u00fanico realismo. El realismo de partida es el logrado con la herramienta que se ha llamado \u201cnoolog\u00eda\u201d, mientras que el realismo de llegada es el que se est\u00e1 logrando con la herramienta que varios colaboradores y yo estamos llamando \u201creolog\u00eda\u201d. Mi tesis es que, s\u00f3lo usando la reolog\u00eda (que como tal ha reasumido a la noolog\u00eda), la metaf\u00edsica puede investigar la realidad sin lastres vetustos y, por tanto, m\u00e1s conforme con otros conocimientos actuales.
Palabras clave:<\/strong> Ontolog\u00eda, epistemolog\u00eda, nuevo realismo, realismo cient\u00edfico, Xavier Zubiri<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

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Lately there has been a great emergence of \u201crealisms\u201d, however, they all share what I identify as a problem, namely, understanding \u201creality\u201d as \u201cmind-independence\u201d. This text presents why I find this idea problematic, as well as a realist but alternative proposal: a metaphysics in two moments, its realism of departure and its realism of arrival; both methodologically distinct modes of a unique realism. The realism of departure is the one achieved with the tool that has been called \u201cnoology\u201d, while the realism of arrival is the one being achieved with the tool that several collaborators and I are calling \u201creology\u201d. My thesis is that, only by using reology (which as such has resumed noology), metaphysics can investigate reality without old ballast and, therefore, more in conformity with other current knowledge.
Keywords:<\/strong> Ontology, epistemology, new realism, scientific realism, Xavier Zubiri.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Primeros pasos para una indagaci\u00f3n reol\u00f3gica de lo psicol\u00f3gico y de la psicolog\u00eda <\/strong>
First steps for a reological inquiry of the psychological and psychology<\/em> <\/strong>
Ignacio Clavero-Fern\u00e1ndez<\/em>
Filosof\u00eda Fundamental, Espa\u00f1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Este art\u00edculo representa la primera aproximaci\u00f3n de una investigaci\u00f3n nool\u00f3gico-reol\u00f3gica al campo de la psicolog\u00eda. Es, por tanto, el primer art\u00edculo que deber\u00e1 ser completado con futuras investigaciones. En este se indaga la caracter\u00edstica tensi\u00f3n constitutiva de un campo lim\u00edtrofe como la psicolog\u00eda y se busca conceptualizar la escala propiamente psicol\u00f3gica, irreductible a lo fisiol\u00f3gico e intraspasable a lo mental, que se sit\u00faa en el comportamiento aprendido de un organismo a distancia sintiente-motora del medio-entorno. Esta escala nos introducir\u00e1 en una perspectiva funcional de lo psicol\u00f3gico que nos abrir\u00e1 la posibilidad de formular los primeros trazos de distinci\u00f3n entre esta y una perspectiva morfol\u00f3gica o psicomorfol\u00f3gica, diferenciaci\u00f3n que nos permitir\u00e1 pasar del orden de la psicolog\u00eda animal al orden de lo psicoantropol\u00f3gico.
Palabras clave:<\/strong> An\u00e1lisis funcional de la conducta, comportamiento, conductismo, noolog\u00eda, antropolog\u00eda.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

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This paper represents the first approach of a noological-reological research to the field of psychology. It is, therefore, the first article to be completed with future investigations. It seeks the characteristic constitutive tension of a borderline field such as psychology and to conceptualize the properly psychological scale, irreducible to the physiological and untransferable to the mental, which is situated in the learned behavior of an organism at a sentient-motor distance from the environment. This scale will introduce us to a functional perspective of the psychological that will open up the possibility of formulating the first traces of distinction between this and a morphological or psychomorphological perspective, a differentiation that will allow us to pass from the order of animal psychology to the order of the psychoanthropological.
Keywords:<\/strong> Functional behavior analysis, behavior, behaviorism, noology, anthropology.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Reolog\u00eda: confluencia entre filosof\u00eda y ciencia<\/strong> 
Reology: confluence of philosophy and science<\/em><\/strong>
Pedro Abell\u00e1n<\/em>
Filosof\u00eda Fundamental, Espa\u00f1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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El estudio de las cosas reales materiales utiliza la doble v\u00eda cient\u00edfico-filos\u00f3fica para profundizar en su fundamento. En este trabajo pretendemos abundar sobre la necesaria conjunci\u00f3n entre los esfuerzos de ambas disciplinas para tratar de completar el estudio de la realidad. Se trata de un proyecto din\u00e1mico en el que la realidad va dando de s\u00ed y actualiz\u00e1ndose continuamente, precisamente en la medida en que vamos conociendo los fundamentos de las cosas reales materiales y su implicaci\u00f3n en otros sistemas que completan la estructura de la realidad. Este dar de s\u00ed se manifiesta en las cosas reales materiales con base en las condiciones de posibilidad, probabilidad y estabilidad: lo posible necesita de una probabilidad y esta probabilidad, mayor o menor, requiere de una estabilidad para completar el proceso y alcanzar una nueva sustantividad.
Palabras clave:<\/strong> Metaf\u00edsica cient\u00edficamente informada, reolog\u00eda, estabilidad, estructuras disipativas, posibilidad, probabilidad.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

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The study of real material things uses the double scientific-philosophical path to go in deep on its foundation. In this paper we intend to elaborate on the necessary conjunction between the efforts of both disciplines to try to complete the study of reality. It is a dynamic project in which reality is giving of itself and continually updating itself, precisely to the extent that we are getting to know the fundamentals of real material things and their implication in other systems that complete the structure of reality. This giving of itself is manifested in real material things on the basis of the conditions of possibility, probability and stability: the possible needs a probability and this probability, greater or lesser, requires a stability to complete the process and reach a new substantivity.
Keywords:<\/strong> Scientifically informed metaphysics, reology, stability, dissipative structures, possibility, probability.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

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<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u2022 Conciencia, inteligencia y encefalizaci\u00f3n
Jos\u00e9 Luis D\u00edaz G\u00f3mez<\/em><\/strong>
\u2022 El problema de la objetividad como adecuacionismo 
Aurora Garc\u00eda-Carreras<\/em>
\u2022 Biological and cultural evolution of morality: the delusion of progress
Ricardo Noguera-Solano
<\/em>Juan Manuel Rodr\u00edguez-Caso<\/em><\/em>
\u2022 Una aproximaci\u00f3n al problema de la existencia en matem\u00e1tica
Marcel Ch\u00e1vez
\u2022 <\/em>Reolog\u00eda y realidad: el problema de los realismos
Carlos Sierra-Lechuga
<\/em>\u2022 Primeros pasos para una indagaci\u00f3n reol\u00f3gica de lo psicol\u00f3gico y de la psicolog\u00eda 
Ignacio Clavero-Fern\u00e1ndez
<\/em>\u2022 Reolog\u00eda: confluencia entre filosof\u00eda y ciencia 
Pedro Abell\u00e1n<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":210,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11,12,6,13,9,10,8,7,14,5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-86","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-biologia","category-etica","category-filosofia-de-la-ciencia","category-matematica","category-metafisica","category-neurociencias","category-noologia","category-psicologia","category-quimica","category-reologia"],"blocksy_meta":{"styles_descriptor":{"styles":{"desktop":"","tablet":"","mobile":""},"google_fonts":[],"version":2}},"yoast_head":"\nN\u00famero 0 - Revista de Filosof\u00eda Fundamental<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/filosofiafundamental.com\/revista\/numero-0\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"N\u00famero 0 - 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